记录器服务

以下示例显示如何通过 ServiceLoader 实例化一个类以进行日志记录。

服务

package servicetest;

import java.io.IOException;

public interface Logger extends AutoCloseable {
    
    void log(String message) throws IOException;
}

服务的实现

以下实现只是将消息写入 System.err

package servicetest.logger;

import servicetest.Logger;

public class ConsoleLogger implements Logger {

    @Override
    public void log(String message) {
        System.err.println(message);
    }

    @Override
    public void close() {
    }

}

以下实现将消息写入文本文件：

package servicetest.logger;

import java.io.BufferedWriter;
import java.io.FileWriter;
import java.io.IOException;
import servicetest.Logger;

public class FileLogger implements Logger {

    private final BufferedWriter writer;

    public FileLogger() throws IOException {
        writer = new BufferedWriter(new FileWriter("log.txt"));
    }

    @Override
    public void log(String message) throws IOException {
        writer.append(message);
        writer.newLine();
    }

    @Override
    public void close() throws IOException {
        writer.close();
    }

}

META-INF /服务/ servicetest.Logger

META-INF/services/servicetest.Logger 文件列出了 Logger 实现的名称。

servicetest.logger.ConsoleLogger
servicetest.logger.FileLogger

用法

以下 main 方法将消息写入所有可用的记录器。记录器使用 ServiceLoader 实例化。

public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
    final String message = "Hello World!";

    // get ServiceLoader for Logger
    ServiceLoader<Logger> loader = ServiceLoader.load(servicetest.Logger.class);

    // iterate through instances of available loggers, writing the message to each one
    Iterator<Logger> iterator = loader.iterator();
    while (iterator.hasNext()) {
        try (Logger logger = iterator.next()) {
            logger.log(message);
        }
    }
}