使用 gather() 從寬到長格式重塑

library(tidyr)

## example data
df <- read.table(text ="  numbers  firstName secondName
1       1  1.5862639  0.4087477
2       2  0.1499581  0.9963923
3       3  0.4117353  0.3740009
4       4 -0.4926862  0.4437916", header = T)
df
#   numbers  firstName secondName
# 1       1  1.5862639  0.4087477
# 2       2  0.1499581  0.9963923
# 3       3  0.4117353  0.3740009
# 4       4 -0.4926862  0.4437916

我們可以使用’數字’作為關鍵列來收集列：

gather(data = df,
       key = numbers,
       value = myValue)
#   numbers    numbers    myValue
# 1       1  firstName  1.5862639
# 2       2  firstName  0.1499581
# 3       3  firstName  0.4117353
# 4       4  firstName -0.4926862
# 5       1 secondName  0.4087477
# 6       2 secondName  0.9963923
# 7       3 secondName  0.3740009
# 8       4 secondName  0.4437916