LEFT OUTER JOIN
LEFT OUTER JOIN
在兩個表之間執行連線,這兩個表需要顯式連線子句,但不排除第一個表中不匹配的行。
例:
SELECT
ENAME,
DNAME,
EMP.DEPTNO,
DEPT.DEPTNO
FROM
SCOTT.EMP LEFT OUTER JOIN SCOTT.DEPT
ON EMP.DEPTNO = DEPT.DEPTNO;
儘管 ANSI 語法是推薦的方法,但它很可能經常遇到遺留語法。在條件內使用 (+)
確定等式的哪一側被視為外部。
SELECT
ENAME,
DNAME,
EMP.DEPTNO,
DEPT.DEPTNO
FROM
SCOTT.EMP,
SCOTT.DEPT
WHERE
EMP.DEPTNO = DEPT.DEPTNO(+);
這是兩個表之間左外連線的示例:
樣本表: 員工
+-----------+---------+
| NAME | DEPTNO |
+-----------+---------+
| A | 2 |
| B | 1 |
| C | 3 |
| D | 2 |
| E | 1 |
| F | 1 |
| G | 4 |
| H | 4 |
+-----------+---------+
樣本表: DEPT
+---------+--------------+
| DEPTNO | DEPTNAME |
+---------+--------------+
| 1 | ACCOUNTING |
| 2 | FINANCE |
| 5 | MARKETING |
| 6 | HR |
+---------+--------------+
現在,如果執行查詢:
SELECT
*
FROM
EMPLOYEE LEFT OUTER JOIN DEPT
ON EMPLOYEE.DEPTNO = DEPT.DEPTNO;
輸出:
+-----------+---------+---------+--------------+
| NAME | DEPTNO | DEPTNO | DEPTNAME |
+-----------+---------+---------+--------------+
| F | 1 | 1 | ACCOUNTING |
| E | 1 | 1 | ACCOUNTING |
| B | 1 | 1 | ACCOUNTING |
| D | 2 | 2 | FINANCE |
| A | 2 | 2 | FINANCE |
| C | 3 | | |
| H | 4 | | |
| G | 4 | | |
+-----------+---------+---------+--------------+