執行 Lua 程式
通常，Lua 附帶兩個二進位制檔案：
lua- 獨立直譯器和互動式 shellluac- 位元組碼編譯器
讓我們說我們有一個像這樣的示例程式（bottles_of_mate.lua）：
local string = require "string"
function bottle_take(bottles_available)
local count_str = "%d bottles of mate on the wall."
local take_str = "Take one down, pass it around, " .. count_str
local end_str = "Oh noes, " .. count_str
local buy_str = "Get some from the store, " .. count_str
local bottles_left = 0
if bottles_available > 0 then
print(string.format(count_str, bottles_available))
bottles_left = bottles_available - 1
print(string.format(take_str, bottles_left))
else
print(string.format(end_str, bottles_available))
bottles_left = 99
print(string.format(buy_str, bottles_left))
end
return bottles_left
end
local bottle_count = 99
while true do
bottle_count = bottle_take(bottle_count)
end
可以通過在 shell 上執行以下命令來執行程式本身：
$ lua bottles_of_mate.lua
輸出應該如下所示，在無限迴圈中執行：
Get some from the store, 99 bottles of mate on the wall.
99 bottles of mate on the wall.
Take one down, pass it around, 98 bottles of mate on the wall.
98 bottles of mate on the wall.
Take one down, pass it around, 97 bottles of mate on the wall.
97 bottles of mate on the wall.
...
...
3 bottles of mate on the wall.
Take one down, pass it around, 2 bottles of mate on the wall.
2 bottles of mate on the wall.
Take one down, pass it around, 1 bottles of mate on the wall.
1 bottles of mate on the wall.
Take one down, pass it around, 0 bottles of mate on the wall.
Oh noes, 0 bottles of mate on the wall.
Get some from the store, 99 bottles of mate on the wall.
99 bottles of mate on the wall.
Take one down, pass it around, 98 bottles of mate on the wall.
...
你可以通過在你的 shell 上執行以下命令將程式編譯為 Lua 的位元組碼：
$ luac bottles_of_mate.lua -o bottles_of_mate.luac
位元組碼列表也可通過以下方式執行：
$ luac -l bottles_of_mate.lua
main <./bottles.lua:0,0> (13 instructions, 52 bytes at 0x101d530)
0+ params, 4 slots, 0 upvalues, 2 locals, 4 constants, 1 function
1 [1] GETGLOBAL 0 -1 ; require
2 [1] LOADK 1 -2 ; "string"
3 [1] CALL 0 2 2
4 [22] CLOSURE 1 0 ; 0x101d710
5 [22] MOVE 0 0
6 [3] SETGLOBAL 1 -3 ; bottle_take
7 [24] LOADK 1 -4 ; 99
8 [27] GETGLOBAL 2 -3 ; bottle_take
9 [27] MOVE 3 1
10 [27] CALL 2 2 2
11 [27] MOVE 1 2
12 [27] JMP -5 ; to 8
13 [28] RETURN 0 1
function <./bottles.lua:3,22> (46 instructions, 184 bytes at 0x101d710)
1 param, 10 slots, 1 upvalue, 6 locals, 9 constants, 0 functions
1 [5] LOADK 1 -1 ; "%d bottles of mate on the wall."
2 [6] LOADK 2 -2 ; "Take one down, pass it around, "
3 [6] MOVE 3 1
4 [6] CONCAT 2 2 3
5 [7] LOADK 3 -3 ; "Oh noes, "
6 [7] MOVE 4 1
7 [7] CONCAT 3 3 4
8 [8] LOADK 4 -4 ; "Get some from the store, "
9 [8] MOVE 5 1
10 [8] CONCAT 4 4 5
11 [9] LOADK 5 -5 ; 0
12 [11] EQ 1 0 -5 ; - 0
13 [11] JMP 16 ; to 30
14 [12] GETGLOBAL 6 -6 ; print
15 [12] GETUPVAL 7 0 ; string
16 [12] GETTABLE 7 7 -7 ; "format"
17 [12] MOVE 8 1
18 [12] MOVE 9 0
19 [12] CALL 7 3 0
20 [12] CALL 6 0 1
21 [13] SUB 5 0 -8 ; - 1
22 [14] GETGLOBAL 6 -6 ; print
23 [14] GETUPVAL 7 0 ; string
24 [14] GETTABLE 7 7 -7 ; "format"
25 [14] MOVE 8 2
26 [14] MOVE 9 5
27 [14] CALL 7 3 0
28 [14] CALL 6 0 1
29 [14] JMP 15 ; to 45
30 [16] GETGLOBAL 6 -6 ; print
31 [16] GETUPVAL 7 0 ; string
32 [16] GETTABLE 7 7 -7 ; "format"
33 [16] MOVE 8 3
34 [16] MOVE 9 0
35 [16] CALL 7 3 0
36 [16] CALL 6 0 1
37 [17] LOADK 5 -9 ; 99
38 [18] GETGLOBAL 6 -6 ; print
39 [18] GETUPVAL 7 0 ; string
40 [18] GETTABLE 7 7 -7 ; "format"
41 [18] MOVE 8 4
42 [18] MOVE 9 5
43 [18] CALL 7 3 0
44 [18] CALL 6 0 1
45 [21] RETURN 5 2
46 [22] RETURN 0 1