使用 Jsoup 進行更全面的身份驗證 POST 請求
大多數網站需要比上面演示的更復雜的過程。
登入網站的常用步驟如下:
- 從初始登入表單中獲取唯一的
cookie
。 - 檢查登入表單以檢視目標 URL 對於身份驗證請求的作用
- 解析登入表單以檢查需要與使用者名稱和密碼一起傳送的任何
security token
。 - 傳送請求。
下面是一個示例請求,將你登入到 GitHub 網站
// # Constants used in this example
final String USER_AGENT = "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/51.0.2704.103 Safari/537.36";
final String LOGIN_FORM_URL = "https://github.com/login";
final String LOGIN_ACTION_URL = "https://github.com/session";
final String USERNAME = "yourUsername";
final String PASSWORD = "yourPassword";
// # Go to login page and grab cookies sent by server
Connection.Response loginForm = Jsoup.connect(LOGIN_FORM_URL)
.method(Connection.Method.GET)
.userAgent(USER_AGENT)
.execute();
Document loginDoc = loginForm.parse(); // this is the document containing response html
HashMap<String, String> cookies = new HashMap<>(loginForm.cookies()); // save the cookies to be passed on to next request
// # Prepare login credentials
String authToken = loginDoc.select("#login > form > div:nth-child(1) > input[type=\"hidden\"]:nth-child(2)")
.first()
.attr("value");
HashMap<String, String> formData = new HashMap<>();
formData.put("commit", "Sign in");
formData.put("utf8", "e2 9c 93");
formData.put("login", USERNAME);
formData.put("password", PASSWORD);
formData.put("authenticity_token", authToken);
// # Now send the form for login
Connection.Response homePage = Jsoup.connect(LOGIN_ACTION_URL)
.cookies(cookies)
.data(formData)
.method(Connection.Method.POST)
.userAgent(USER_AGENT)
.execute();
System.out.println(homePage.parse().html());