使用 setUp 和 tearDown 函式進行測試

你可以設定 setUp 和 tearDown 函式。

• setUp 函式為你的環境準備測試。
• tearDown 函式執行回滾。

當你無法修改資料庫並且需要建立一個模擬帶有資料庫的物件或需要在每個測試中初始化配置的物件時，這是一個不錯的選擇。

一個愚蠢的例子是：

// Standard numbers map
var numbers map[string]int = map[string]int{"zero": 0, "three": 3}

// TestMain will exec each test, one by one
func TestMain(m *testing.M) {
    // exec setUp function
    setUp("one", 1)
    // exec test and this returns an exit code to pass to os
    retCode := m.Run()
    // exec tearDown function
    tearDown("one")
    // If exit code is distinct of zero,
    // the test will be failed (red)
    os.Exit(retCode)
}

// setUp function, add a number to numbers slice
func setUp(key string, value int) {
    numbers[key] = value
}

// tearDown function, delete a number to numbers slice
func tearDown(key string) {
    delete(numbers, key)
}

// First test
func TestOnePlusOne(t *testing.T) {
    numbers["one"] = numbers["one"] + 1

    if numbers["one"] != 2 {
        t.Error("1 plus 1 = 2, not %v", value)
    }
}

// Second test
func TestOnePlusTwo(t *testing.T) {
    numbers["one"] = numbers["one"] + 2

    if numbers["one"] != 3 {
        t.Error("1 plus 2 = 3, not %v", value)
    }
}

其他示例是準備資料庫以進行測試和執行回滾

 // ID of Person will be saved in database
personID := 12345
// Name of Person will be saved in database
personName := "Toni"

func TestMain(m *testing.M) {
    // You create an Person and you save in database
    setUp(&Person{
            ID:   personID,
            Name: personName,
            Age:  19,
        })
    retCode := m.Run()
    // When you have executed the test, the Person is deleted from database
    tearDown(personID)
    os.Exit(retCode)
}

func setUp(P *Person) {
    // ...
    db.add(P)
    // ...
}

func tearDown(id int) {
    // ...
    db.delete(id)
    // ...
}

func getPerson(t *testing.T) {
    P := Get(personID)
    
    if P.Name != personName {
        t.Error("P.Name is %s and it must be Toni", P.Name)
    }
}