使用處理函式

HandleFunc 在伺服器 mux(路由器)中註冊給定模式的處理函式。

你可以傳遞定義匿名函式,正如我們在基本的 Hello World 示例中看到的那樣 :

http.HandleFunc("/", func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
    fmt.Fprintln(w, "Hello, world!")
}

但我們也可以通過 HandlerFunc 型別。換句話說,我們可以傳遞任何尊重以下簽名的函式:

func FunctionName(w http.ResponseWriter, req *http.Request)

我們可以重寫上一個示例,將引用傳遞給先前定義的 HandlerFunc。這是完整的例子:

package main

import (
    "fmt"
    "net/http"
)

// A HandlerFunc function
// Notice the signature of the function
func RootHandler(w http.ResponseWriter, req *http.Request) {
    fmt.Fprintln(w, "Hello, world!")
}

func main() {
    // Here we pass the reference to the `RootHandler` handler function
    http.HandleFunc("/", RootHandler)
    panic(http.ListenAndServe(":8080", nil))
}

當然,你可以為不同的路徑定義多個函式處理程式。

package main

import (
    "fmt"
    "log"
    "net/http"
)

func FooHandler(w http.ResponseWriter, req *http.Request) {
    fmt.Fprintln(w, "Hello from foo!")
}

func BarHandler(w http.ResponseWriter, req *http.Request) {
    fmt.Fprintln(w, "Hello from bar!")
}

func main() {
    http.HandleFunc("/foo", FooHandler)
    http.HandleFunc("/bar", BarHandler)

    log.Fatal(http.ListenAndServe(":8080", nil))
}

這是使用 cURL 的輸出:

➜  ~ curl -i localhost:8080/foo
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Date: Wed, 20 Jul 2016 18:23:08 GMT
Content-Length: 16
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8

Hello from foo!

➜  ~ curl -i localhost:8080/bar
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Date: Wed, 20 Jul 2016 18:23:10 GMT
Content-Length: 16
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8

Hello from bar!

➜  ~ curl -i localhost:8080/
HTTP/1.1 404 Not Found
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8
X-Content-Type-Options: nosniff
Date: Wed, 20 Jul 2016 18:23:13 GMT
Content-Length: 19

404 page not found