限制流

假设你需要实现自动搜索框，但搜索操作有点昂贵，例如发送 Web 请求或命中数据库。你可能希望限制正在执行的搜索量。

例如，用户在搜索框中键入“C#Reactive Extensions”：

IObservable<string> TypingSearchText()
{
    return Observable.Create<string>(o =>
    {
        const string SearchText = "C# Reactive Extensions";
        
        var builder = new StringBuilder();
        foreach (var c in SearchText)
        {
            builder.Append(c);
            
            // notify that the search text has been changed
            o.OnNext(builder.ToString());

            // pause between each character to simulate actual typing
            Thread.Sleep(125);
            
            // spent some time to think about the next word to type
            if (c == ' ')
                Thread.Sleep(1000);
        }
        
        o.OnCompleted();

        return () => { /* nothing to dispose here */ };
    });
}

现在，我们不希望每次用户按下键时都执行搜索。相反，只要用户停止输入的时间超过半秒，它就会完成：

TypingSearchText()
    // print the changes
    .Do(x => Console.WriteLine("Typing: " + x))
    
    // ignore changes that happens within 500ms of each other
    .Throttle(TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(500))
    
    // some costly operation
    .Subscribe(x => Console.WriteLine("Searching: " + x));

输出：

Typing: C
Typing: C#
Typing: C# 
Searching: C# 
Typing: C# R
Typing: C# Re
...
Typing: C# Reactive
Typing: C# Reactive 
Searching: C# Reactive 
Typing: C# Reactive E
Typing: C# Reactive Ex
...
Typing: C# Reactive Extension
Typing: C# Reactive Extensions
Searching: C# Reactive Extensions