具有关联值的枚举
枚举案例可以包含一个或多个有效负载 ( 关联值 ):
enum Action {
case jump
case kick
case move(distance: Float) // The "move" case has an associated distance
}
在实例化枚举值时必须提供有效负载:
performAction(.jump)
performAction(.kick)
performAction(.move(distance: 3.3))
performAction(.move(distance: 0.5))
switch
语句可以提取相关值:
switch action {
case .jump:
...
case .kick:
...
case .move(let distance): // or case let .move(distance):
print("Moving: \(distance)")
}
使用 if case
可以完成单个案例提取:
if case .move(let distance) = action {
print("Moving: \(distance)")
}
guard case
语法可用于以后的使用提取:
guard case .move(let distance) = action else {
print("Action is not move")
return
}
默认情况下,具有关联值的枚举不是 Equatable
。==
运算符的实现必须手动完成:
extension Action: Equatable { }
func ==(lhs: Action, rhs: Action) -> Bool {
switch lhs {
case .jump: if case .jump = rhs { return true }
case .kick: if case .kick = rhs { return true }
case .move(let lhsDistance): if case .move (let rhsDistance) = rhs { return lhsDistance == rhsDistance }
}
return false
}