对字符串数组进行排序

Version = 3.0

最简单的方法是使用 sorted()：

let words = ["Hello", "Bonjour", "Salute", "Ahola"]
let sortedWords = words.sorted()
print(sortedWords) // ["Ahola", "Bonjour", "Hello", "Salute"]

或者 sort()

var mutableWords = ["Hello", "Bonjour", "Salute", "Ahola"]
mutableWords.sort()
print(mutableWords) // ["Ahola", "Bonjour", "Hello", "Salute"]

你可以传递一个闭包作为排序的参数：

let words = ["Hello", "Bonjour", "Salute", "Ahola"]
let sortedWords = words.sorted(isOrderedBefore: { $0 > $1 })
print(sortedWords) // ["Salute", "Hello", "Bonjour", "Ahola"]

带尾随闭包的替代语法：

let words = ["Hello", "Bonjour", "Salute", "Ahola"]
let sortedWords = words.sorted() { $0 > $1 }
print(sortedWords) // ["Salute", "Hello", "Bonjour", "Ahola"]

但如果数组中的元素不一致，则会出现意外结果：

let words = ["Hello", "bonjour", "Salute", "ahola"]
let unexpected = words.sorted()
print(unexpected) // ["Hello", "Salute", "ahola", "bonjour"]

要解决此问题，请对元素的小写版本进行排序：

let words = ["Hello", "bonjour", "Salute", "ahola"]
let sortedWords = words.sorted { $0.lowercased() < $1.lowercased() }
print(sortedWords) // ["ahola", "bonjour", "Hello", "Salute"]

或 import Foundation 并使用 NSString 的比较方法，如 caseInsensitiveCompare：

let words = ["Hello", "bonjour", "Salute", "ahola"]
let sortedWords = words.sorted { $0.caseInsensitiveCompare($1) == .orderedAscending }
print(sortedWords) // ["ahola", "bonjour", "Hello", "Salute"]

或者，使用 localizedCaseInsensitiveCompare，它可以管理变音符号。

要按照它们包含的数值对字符串进行正确排序，请使用 compare 和 .numeric 选项：

let files = ["File-42.txt", "File-01.txt", "File-5.txt", "File-007.txt", "File-10.txt"]
let sortedFiles = files.sorted() { $0.compare($1, options: .numeric) == .orderedAscending }
print(sortedFiles) // ["File-01.txt", "File-5.txt", "File-007.txt", "File-10.txt", "File-42.txt"]