将字符串解析为日期对象

R 包含一个 Date 类,它是用 as.Date() 创建的,它采用字符串或字符串向量,如果日期不是 ISO 8601 日期格式 YYYY-MM-DD,则为 strptime 样式标记的格式化字符串。

as.Date('2016-08-01')    # in ISO format, so does not require formatting string
## [1] "2016-08-01"

as.Date('05/23/16', format = '%m/%d/%y')
## [1] "2016-05-23"

as.Date('March 23rd, 2016', '%B %drd, %Y')    # add separators and literals to format
## [1] "2016-03-23"

as.Date('  2016-08-01  foo')    # leading whitespace and all trailing characters are ignored
## [1] "2016-08-01"

as.Date(c('2016-01-01', '2016-01-02'))
# [1] "2016-01-01" "2016-01-02"