格式化和打印日期时间对象

# test date-time object
options(digits.secs = 3)
d = as.POSIXct("2016-08-30 14:18:30.58", tz = "UTC")   

format(d,"%S")  # 00-61 Second as integer
## [1] "30"

format(d,"%OS") # 00-60.99… Second as fractional
## [1] "30.579"

format(d,"%M")  # 00-59 Minute
## [1] "18"

format(d,"%H")  # 00-23 Hours
## [1] "14"

format(d,"%I")  # 01-12 Hours
## [1] "02"

format(d,"%p")  # AM/PM Indicator
## [1] "PM"

format(d,"%z")  # Signed offset
## [1] "+0000"

format(d,"%Z")  # Time Zone Abbreviation
## [1] "UTC"

有关格式字符串的详细信息，请参阅 ?strptime 以及其他格式。