和大小限制

在创建双端队列时使用 maxlen 参数来限制双端队列的大小：

from collections import deque
d = deque(maxlen=3)  # only holds 3 items
d.append(1)  # deque([1])
d.append(2)  # deque([1, 2])
d.append(3)  # deque([1, 2, 3])
d.append(4)  # deque([2, 3, 4]) (1 is removed because its maxlen is 3)