SUBSTRING()

SUBSTRING（或等效的：SUBSTR）从指定的位置开始返回子字符串，并且可选地返回指定的长度

语法：SUBSTRING(str, start_position)

SELECT SUBSTRING('foobarbaz', 4); -- 'barbaz'
SELECT SUBSTRING('foobarbaz' FROM 4); -- 'barbaz'

-- using negative indexing
SELECT SUBSTRING('foobarbaz', -6); -- 'barbaz'
SELECT SUBSTRING('foobarbaz' FROM -6); -- 'barbaz'

语法：SUBSTRING(str, start_position, length)

SELECT SUBSTRING('foobarbaz', 4, 3); -- 'bar'
SELECT SUBSTRING('foobarbaz', FROM 4 FOR 3); -- 'bar'

-- using negative indexing
SELECT SUBSTRING('foobarbaz', -6, 3); -- 'bar'
SELECT SUBSTRING('foobarbaz' FROM -6 FOR 3); -- 'bar'