身份 Monad

这是在 JavaScript 中实现身份 monad 的示例，可以作为创建其他 monad 的起点。

基于 Douglas Crockford 关于 monad 和性腺的会议

使用这种方法重用你的函数会更容易，因为这个 monad 提供的灵活性和构图噩梦：

f(g(h(i(j(k(value), j1), i2), h1, h2), g1, g2), f1, f2)

可读，漂亮和干净：

identityMonad(value)
    .bind(k)
    .bind(j, j1, j2)
    .bind(i, i2)
    .bind(h, h1, h2)
    .bind(g, g1, g2)
    .bind(f, f1, f2);

function identityMonad(value) {
    var monad = Object.create(null);
    
    // func should return a monad
    monad.bind = function (func, ...args) {
        return func(value, ...args);
    };

    // whatever func does, we get our monad back
    monad.call = function (func, ...args) {
        func(value, ...args);

        return identityMonad(value);
    };
    
    // func doesn't have to know anything about monads
    monad.apply = function (func, ...args) {
        return identityMonad(func(value, ...args));
    };

    // Get the value wrapped in this monad
    monad.value = function () {
        return value;
    };
    
    return monad;
};

它适用于原始值

var value = 'foo',
    f = x => x + ' changed',
    g = x => x + ' again';

identityMonad(value)
    .apply(f)
    .apply(g)
    .bind(alert); // Alerts 'foo changed again'

还有对象

var value = { foo: 'foo' },
    f = x => identityMonad(Object.assign(x, { foo: 'bar' })),
    g = x => Object.assign(x, { bar: 'foo' }),
    h = x => console.log('foo: ' + x.foo + ', bar: ' + x.bar);

identityMonad(value)
    .bind(f)
    .apply(g)
    .bind(h); // Logs 'foo: bar, bar: foo'

让我们尝试一切：

var add = (x, ...args) => x + args.reduce((r, n) => r + n, 0),
    multiply = (x, ...args) => x * args.reduce((r, n) => r * n, 1),
    divideMonad = (x, ...args) => identityMonad(x / multiply(...args)),
    log = x => console.log(x),
    substract = (x, ...args) => x - add(...args);

identityMonad(100)
    .apply(add, 10, 29, 13)
    .apply(multiply, 2)
    .bind(divideMonad, 2)
    .apply(substract, 67, 34)
    .apply(multiply, 1239)
    .bind(divideMonad, 20, 54, 2)
    .apply(Math.round)
    .call(log); // Logs 29