在指定时间动画（动画时钟）

Created: November-22, 2018
此示例为时钟设置动画，将秒显示为填充楔形
带注释的代码：

<!doctype html>
<html>
<head>
<style>
    body{ background-color:white; }
    #canvas{border:1px solid red; }
</style>
<script>
window.onload=(function(){

    // canvas related variables
    var canvas=document.getElementById("canvas");
    var ctx=canvas.getContext("2d");
    var cw=canvas.width;
    var ch=canvas.height;
    // canvas styling for the clock
    ctx.strokeStyle='lightgray';
    ctx.fillStyle='skyblue';
    ctx.lineWidth=5;
    
    // cache often used values
    var PI=Math.PI;
    var fullCircle=PI*2;
    var sa=-PI/2;   // == the 12 o'clock angle in context.arc
    
    // start the animation
    requestAnimationFrame(animate);

    function animate(currentTime){

        // get the current seconds value from the system clock
        var date=new Date();
        var seconds=date.getSeconds();
        
        // clear the canvas
        ctx.clearRect(0,0,cw,ch);
        
        // draw a full circle (== the clock face);
        ctx.beginPath();
        ctx.moveTo(100,100);
        ctx.arc(100,100,75,0,fullCircle);
        ctx.stroke();
        // draw a wedge representing the current seconds value
        ctx.beginPath();
        ctx.moveTo(100,100);
        ctx.arc(100,100,75,sa,sa+fullCircle*seconds/60);
        ctx.fill();

        // request another loop of animation
        requestAnimationFrame(animate);
    }

}); // end $(function(){});
</script>
</head>
<body>
    <canvas id="canvas" width=512 height=512></canvas>
</body>
</html>