Const 局部变量
声明和使用。
// a is const int, so it can't be changed
const int a = 15;
a = 12; // Error: can't assign new value to const variable
a += 1; // Error: can't assign new value to const variable
引用和指针的绑定
int &b = a; // Error: can't bind non-const reference to const variable
const int &c = a; // OK; c is a const reference
int *d = &a; // Error: can't bind pointer-to-non-const to const variable
const int *e = &a // OK; e is a pointer-to-const
int f = 0;
e = &f; // OK; e is a non-const pointer-to-const,
// which means that it can be rebound to new int* or const int*
*e = 1 // Error: e is a pointer-to-const which means that
// the value it points to can't be changed through dereferencing e
int *g = &f;
*g = 1; // OK; this value still can be changed through dereferencing
// a pointer-not-to-const