使用 Singleton 读取和写入 SharedPreferences 的数据

SharedPreferences Manager(Singleton) 类用于读写所有类型的数据。

import android.content.Context;
import android.content.SharedPreferences;
import android.util.Log;

import com.google.gson.Gson;

import java.lang.reflect.Type;

/**
 * Singleton Class for accessing SharedPreferences,
 * should be initialized once in the beginning by any application component using static
 * method initialize(applicationContext)
 */
public class SharedPrefsManager {
    
    private static final String TAG = SharedPrefsManager.class.getName();
    private SharedPreferences prefs;
    private static SharedPrefsManager uniqueInstance;
    public static final String PREF_NAME = "com.example.app";

    private SharedPrefsManager(Context appContext) {
        prefs = appContext.getSharedPreferences(PREF_NAME, Context.MODE_PRIVATE);
    }

    /**
     * Throws IllegalStateException if this class is not initialized
     *
     * @return unique SharedPrefsManager instance
     */
    public static SharedPrefsManager getInstance() {
        if (uniqueInstance == null) {
            throw new IllegalStateException(
                    "SharedPrefsManager is not initialized, call initialize(applicationContext) " +
                            "static method first");
        }
        return uniqueInstance;
    }

    /**
     * Initialize this class using application Context,
     * should be called once in the beginning by any application Component
     *
     * @param appContext application context
     */
    public static void initialize(Context appContext) {
        if (appContext == null) {
            throw new NullPointerException("Provided application context is null");
        }
        if (uniqueInstance == null) {
            synchronized (SharedPrefsManager.class) {
                if (uniqueInstance == null) {
                    uniqueInstance = new SharedPrefsManager(appContext);
                }
            }
        }
    }

    private SharedPreferences getPrefs() {
        return prefs;
    }

    /**
     * Clears all data in SharedPreferences
     */
    public void clearPrefs() {
        SharedPreferences.Editor editor = getPrefs().edit();
        editor.clear();
        editor.commit();
    }

    public void removeKey(String key) {
        getPrefs().edit().remove(key).commit();
    }

    public boolean containsKey(String key) {
        return getPrefs().contains(key);
    }

    public String getString(String key, String defValue) {
        return getPrefs().getString(key, defValue);
    }

    public String getString(String key) {
        return getString(key, null);
    }

    public void setString(String key, String value) {
        SharedPreferences.Editor editor = getPrefs().edit();
        editor.putString(key, value);
        editor.apply();
    }

    public int getInt(String key, int defValue) {
        return getPrefs().getInt(key, defValue);
    }

    public int getInt(String key) {
        return getInt(key, 0);
    }

    public void setInt(String key, int value) {
        SharedPreferences.Editor editor = getPrefs().edit();
        editor.putInt(key, value);
        editor.apply();
    }

    public long getLong(String key, long defValue) {
        return getPrefs().getLong(key, defValue);
    }

    public long getLong(String key) {
        return getLong(key, 0L);
    }

    public void setLong(String key, long value) {
        SharedPreferences.Editor editor = getPrefs().edit();
        editor.putLong(key, value);
        editor.apply();
    }

    public boolean getBoolean(String key, boolean defValue) {
        return getPrefs().getBoolean(key, defValue);
    }

    public boolean getBoolean(String key) {
        return getBoolean(key, false);
    }

    public void setBoolean(String key, boolean value) {
        SharedPreferences.Editor editor = getPrefs().edit();
        editor.putBoolean(key, value);
        editor.apply();
    }

    public boolean getFloat(String key) {
        return getFloat(key, 0f);
    }

    public boolean getFloat(String key, float defValue) {
        return getFloat(key, defValue);
    }

    public void setFloat(String key, Float value) {
        SharedPreferences.Editor editor = getPrefs().edit();
        editor.putFloat(key, value);
        editor.apply();
    }

    /**
     * Persists an Object in prefs at the specified key, class of given Object must implement Model
     * interface
     *
     * @param key         String
     * @param modelObject Object to persist
     * @param <M>         Generic for Object
     */
    public <M extends Model> void setObject(String key, M modelObject) {
        String value = createJSONStringFromObject(modelObject);
        SharedPreferences.Editor editor = getPrefs().edit();
        editor.putString(key, value);
        editor.apply();
    }

    /**
     * Fetches the previously stored Object of given Class from prefs
     *
     * @param key                String
     * @param classOfModelObject Class of persisted Object
     * @param <M>                Generic for Object
     * @return Object of given class
     */
    public <M extends Model> M getObject(String key, Class<M> classOfModelObject) {
        String jsonData = getPrefs().getString(key, null);
        if (null != jsonData) {
            try {
                Gson gson = new Gson();
                M customObject = gson.fromJson(jsonData, classOfModelObject);
                return customObject;
            } catch (ClassCastException cce) {
                Log.d(TAG, "Cannot convert string obtained from prefs into collection of type " +
                        classOfModelObject.getName() + "\n" + cce.getMessage());
            }
        }
        return null;
    }

    /**
     * Persists a Collection object in prefs at the specified key
     *
     * @param key            String
     * @param dataCollection Collection Object
     * @param <C>            Generic for Collection object
     */
    public <C> void setCollection(String key, C dataCollection) {
        SharedPreferences.Editor editor = getPrefs().edit();
        String value = createJSONStringFromObject(dataCollection);
        editor.putString(key, value);
        editor.apply();
    }

    /**
     * Fetches the previously stored Collection Object of given type from prefs
     *
     * @param key     String
     * @param typeOfC Type of Collection Object
     * @param <C>     Generic for Collection Object
     * @return Collection Object which can be casted
     */
    public <C> C getCollection(String key, Type typeOfC) {
        String jsonData = getPrefs().getString(key, null);
        if (null != jsonData) {
            try {
                Gson gson = new Gson();
                C arrFromPrefs = gson.fromJson(jsonData, typeOfC);
                return arrFromPrefs;
            } catch (ClassCastException cce) {
                Log.d(TAG, "Cannot convert string obtained from prefs into collection of type " +
                        typeOfC.toString() + "\n" + cce.getMessage());
            }
        }
        return null;
    }

    public void registerPrefsListener(SharedPreferences.OnSharedPreferenceChangeListener listener) {
        getPrefs().registerOnSharedPreferenceChangeListener(listener);
    }

    public void unregisterPrefsListener(

            SharedPreferences.OnSharedPreferenceChangeListener listener) {
        getPrefs().unregisterOnSharedPreferenceChangeListener(listener);
    }

    public SharedPreferences.Editor getEditor() {
        return getPrefs().edit();
    }

    private static String createJSONStringFromObject(Object object) {
        Gson gson = new Gson();
        return gson.toJson(object);
    } 
}

Model interface 由类到 Gson 实现以避免 proguard 混淆。

public interface Model {
    
}

Model 接口的 Proguard 规则：

-keep interface com.example.app.Model
-keep class * implements com.example.app.Model { *;}