Python 字典
字典可以被认为是一组无序的键-值对。
一对大括号创建一个空字典: {}
。每个元素都可以映射到某个值。整数或字符串可用于索引。字典里面的元素是没有排序的。
字典示例
让我们做一个简单的字典:
#!/usr/bin/python
words = {}
words["Hello"] = "Bonjour"
words["Yes"] = "Oui"
words["No"] = "Non"
words["Bye"] = "Au Revoir"
print(words["Hello"])
print(words["No"])
输出:
Bonjour
Non
我们绝不仅限于价值部分中的单字定义。示范:
#!/usr/bin/python
dict = {}
dict['Ford'] = "Car"
dict['Python'] = "The Python Programming Language"
dict[2] = "This sentence is stored here."
print(dict['Ford'])
print(dict['Python'])
print(dict[2])
输出:
Car
The Python Programming Language
This sentence is stored here.
操作字典
我们可以在声明后操作存储在字典中的数据。这显示在下面的示例中:
#!/usr/bin/python
words = {}
words["Hello"] = "Bonjour"
words["Yes"] = "Oui"
words["No"] = "Non"
words["Bye"] = "Au Revoir"
print(words) # print key-pairs.
del words["Yes"] # delete a key-pair.
print(words) # print key-pairs.
words["Yes"] = "Oui!" # add new key-pair.
print(words) # print key-pairs.
输出:
{'Yes': 'Oui', 'Bye': 'Au Revoir', 'Hello': 'Bonjour', 'No': 'Non'}
{'Bye': 'Au Revoir', 'Hello': 'Bonjour', 'No': 'Non'}
{'Yes': 'Oui!', 'Bye': 'Au Revoir', 'Hello': 'Bonjour', 'No': 'Non'}