原始值和哈希值
没有有效负载的枚举可以具有任何文字类型的原始值 :
enum Rotation: Int {
case up = 0
case left = 90
case upsideDown = 180
case right = 270
}
没有任何特定类型的枚举不会公开 rawValue 属性
enum Rotation {
case up
case right
case down
case left
}
let foo = Rotation.up
foo.rawValue //error
假设整数原始值从 0 开始并单调增加:
enum MetasyntacticVariable: Int {
case foo // rawValue is automatically 0
case bar // rawValue is automatically 1
case baz = 7
case quux // rawValue is automatically 8
}
字符串原始值可以自动合成:
enum MarsMoon: String {
case phobos // rawValue is automatically "phobos"
case deimos // rawValue is automatically "deimos"
}
原始值枚举自动符合 RawRepresentable 。你可以使用 .rawValue
获取枚举值的相应原始值:
func rotate(rotation: Rotation) {
let degrees = rotation.rawValue
...
}
你还可以使用 init?(rawValue:)
从原始值创建枚举 :
let rotation = Rotation(rawValue: 0) // returns Rotation.Up
let otherRotation = Rotation(rawValue: 45) // returns nil (there is no Rotation with rawValue 45)
if let moon = MarsMoon(rawValue: str) {
print("Mars has a moon named \(str)")
} else {
print("Mars doesn't have a moon named \(str)")
}
如果你希望获取特定枚举的哈希值,则可以访问其 hashValue,哈希值将返回从零开始的枚举索引。
let quux = MetasyntacticVariable(rawValue: 8)// rawValue is 8
quux?.hashValue //hashValue is 3