枚举与类和结构共享许多功能

Swift 中的枚举功能比其他语言中的某些功能强大得多，例如 C 语言。它们与类和结构共享许多功能，例如定义初始化器 ，计算属性 ，实例方法 ，协议一致性和扩展 。

protocol ChangesDirection {
    mutating func changeDirection()
}

enum Direction {
    
    // enumeration cases
    case up, down, left, right
    
    // initialise the enum instance with a case
    // that's in the opposite direction to another
    init(oppositeTo otherDirection: Direction) {
        self = otherDirection.opposite
    }
    
    // computed property that returns the opposite direction
    var opposite: Direction {
        switch self {
        case .up:
            return .down
        case .down:
            return .up
        case .left:
            return .right
        case .right:
            return .left
        }
    }
}

// extension to Direction that adds conformance to the ChangesDirection protocol
extension Direction: ChangesDirection {
    mutating func changeDirection() {
        self = .left
    }
}

var dir = Direction(oppositeTo: .down) // Direction.up

dir.changeDirection() // Direction.left

let opposite = dir.opposite // Direction.right