使用 XMLRabbit 使用 XML

使用 XML::Rabbit ，可以轻松使用 XML 文件。你可以使用声明方式和 XPath 语法定义 XML 中的内容，XML::Rabbit 将根据给定的定义返回对象。

定义：

package Bookstore;
use XML::Rabbit::Root;
has_xpath_object_list books => './book' => 'Bookstore::Book';
finalize_class();
  
package Bookstore::Book;
use XML::Rabbit;
has_xpath_value bookid => './@id';
has_xpath_value author => './author';
has_xpath_value title => './title';
has_xpath_value genre => './genre';
has_xpath_value price => './price';
has_xpath_value publish_date => './publish_date';
has_xpath_value description => './description';
has_xpath_object purchase_data => './purchase_data' => 'Bookstore::Purchase';
finalize_class();

package Bookstore::Purchase;
use XML::Rabbit;
has_xpath_value price => './price';
has_xpath_value date => './date';
finalize_class();

XML 消费：

use strict;
use warnings;
use utf8;
  
package Library;
use feature qw(say);
use Carp;
use autodie;
 
say "Showing data information";
my $bookstore = Bookstore->new( file => './sample.xml' );
 
foreach my $book( @{$bookstore->books} ) {
    say "ID: " . $book->bookid;
    say "Title: " . $book->title;
    say "Author: " . $book->author, "\n";
}

笔记：

请注意以下事项：

1. 第一堂课必须是 XML::Rabbit::Root。它会将你置于 XML 文档的主标记内。在我们的例子中，它将把我们放在 <catalog> 里面

2. 嵌套类是可选的。需要通过 try / catch（或 eval / $@ check）块访问这些类。可选字段只返回 null。例如，对于 purchase_data，循环将是：

foreach my $book( @{$bookstore->books} ) {
    say "ID: " . $book->bookid;
    say "Title: " . $book->title;
    say "Author: " . $book->author;
    try {
        say "Purchase price: ". $book->purchase_data->price, "\n";
    } catch {
        say "No purchase price available\n";
    }
}

sample.xml 中

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<catalog>
   <book id="bk101">
      <author>Gambardella, Matthew</author>
      <title>XML Developer's Guide</title>
      <genre>Computer</genre>
      <price>44.95</price>
      <publish_date>2000-10-01</publish_date>
      <description>An in-depth look at creating applications 
      with XML.</description>
   </book>
   <book id="bk102">
      <author>Ralls, Kim</author>
      <title>Midnight Rain</title>
      <genre>Fantasy</genre>
      <price>5.95</price>
      <publish_date>2000-12-16</publish_date>
      <description>A former architect battles corporate zombies, 
      an evil sorceress, and her own childhood to become queen 
      of the world.</description>
   </book>
   <book id="bk103">
      <author>Corets, Eva</author>
      <title>Maeve Ascendant</title>
      <genre>Fantasy</genre>
      <price>5.95</price>
      <publish_date>2000-11-17</publish_date>
      <description>After the collapse of a nanotechnology 
      society in England, the young survivors lay the 
      foundation for a new society.</description>
   </book>
   <book id="bk104">
      <author>Corets, Eva</author>
      <title>Oberon's Legacy</title>
      <genre>Fantasy</genre>
      <price>5.95</price>
      <publish_date>2001-03-10</publish_date>
      <description>In post-apocalypse England, the mysterious 
      agent known only as Oberon helps to create a new life 
      for the inhabitants of London. Sequel to Maeve 
      Ascendant.</description>
      <purchase_data>
        <date>2001-12-21</date>
        <price>20</price>
      </purchase_data>
   </book>
</catalog>