使表可调用

有一种名为 __call 的元方法,它定义了用作函数时对象的 bevahiour,例如 object()。这可以用来创建函数对象:

-- create the metatable with a __call metamethod
local meta = {
    __call = function(self)
        self.i = self.i + 1
    end,
    -- to view the results
    __tostring = function(self)
        return tostring(self.i)
    end
}

function new_counter(start)
    local self = { i = start }
    setmetatable(self, meta)
    return self
end

-- create a counter
local c = new_counter(1)
print(c) --> 1
-- call -> count up
c()
print(c) --> 2

使用相应的对象调用 metamethod,之后将所有剩余的参数传递给函数:

local meta = {
    __call = function(self, ...)
        print(self.prepend, ...)
    end
}

local self = { prepend = "printer:" }
setmetatable(self, meta)

self("foo", "bar", "baz")