使用 setUp 和 tearDown 函数进行测试

你可以设置 setUp 和 tearDown 函数。

• setUp 函数为你的环境准备测试。
• tearDown 函数执行回滚。

当你无法修改数据库并且需要创建一个模拟带有数据库的对象或需要在每个测试中初始化配置的对象时，这是一个不错的选择。

一个愚蠢的例子是：

// Standard numbers map
var numbers map[string]int = map[string]int{"zero": 0, "three": 3}

// TestMain will exec each test, one by one
func TestMain(m *testing.M) {
    // exec setUp function
    setUp("one", 1)
    // exec test and this returns an exit code to pass to os
    retCode := m.Run()
    // exec tearDown function
    tearDown("one")
    // If exit code is distinct of zero,
    // the test will be failed (red)
    os.Exit(retCode)
}

// setUp function, add a number to numbers slice
func setUp(key string, value int) {
    numbers[key] = value
}

// tearDown function, delete a number to numbers slice
func tearDown(key string) {
    delete(numbers, key)
}

// First test
func TestOnePlusOne(t *testing.T) {
    numbers["one"] = numbers["one"] + 1

    if numbers["one"] != 2 {
        t.Error("1 plus 1 = 2, not %v", value)
    }
}

// Second test
func TestOnePlusTwo(t *testing.T) {
    numbers["one"] = numbers["one"] + 2

    if numbers["one"] != 3 {
        t.Error("1 plus 2 = 3, not %v", value)
    }
}

其他示例是准备数据库以进行测试和执行回滚

 // ID of Person will be saved in database
personID := 12345
// Name of Person will be saved in database
personName := "Toni"

func TestMain(m *testing.M) {
    // You create an Person and you save in database
    setUp(&Person{
            ID:   personID,
            Name: personName,
            Age:  19,
        })
    retCode := m.Run()
    // When you have executed the test, the Person is deleted from database
    tearDown(personID)
    os.Exit(retCode)
}

func setUp(P *Person) {
    // ...
    db.add(P)
    // ...
}

func tearDown(id int) {
    // ...
    db.delete(id)
    // ...
}

func getPerson(t *testing.T) {
    P := Get(personID)
    
    if P.Name != personName {
        t.Error("P.Name is %s and it must be Toni", P.Name)
    }
}